standards for data management, which increases trust in research findings. This is especially important in engagement with authorities, and for public accountability towards the CSO sector, media and academia. Another aspect of great importance in this project has been the usability for non-technical users. The interface is intuitive and easy to use, while it is open source, which gives additional opportunities for tech-savvy users.26 This means that the model is quite versatile, but with emphasis on useability for CSOs with less technical capacity. When combined with contextual and other crucial knowledge, this AI-powered detection tool will be able to significantly enhance efforts to document online gendered hate speech. You can access the Nuha platform and explore how to use it here: Nuha 4. USABILITY AND TECHNICAL ACCESSIBILITY A central component of the project was to ensure the AI-powered research tool would be useful and accessible for civil society organisations of different capacity, and particularly those working in the field of gender justice and women’s rights. Many CSOs across the MENA region operate with limited technical resources and budgets, and small teams. Egypt is unfortunately no exception. For this reason, it was essential for the tool to be intuitive and easy to integrate into the current work of organisations, without requiring specialised technical expertise. Meanwhile it needed all the features expected of university and other researchers. The usability therefore focused not only on the tool’s technical performance but also on how easily it could be integrated into the work of practitioners and researchers in and on Egypt. The interface was designed to be clear and straightforward, allowing users to upload large datasets, run automated analyses, and view results through different visualisations. After the introductory workshops, most participating organisations were able to navigate the system with minimal instruction, demonstrating that AI-assisted monitoring can be made accessible even to teams with limited backgrounds in data science or machine learning. Having trained users in the country functions as an additional support, also beyond the time frames for the project. TRAINING FOR APPLYING THE TOOL The introductory workshops played a crucial role in enabling organisations to make full use of the tool. They introduced the basic concepts of AI-based detection, explained how the model processes text (and even emojis), and outlined the limitations and appropriate uses of automated analysis. Participants were encouraged to approach the tool not as a standalone solution but as an extension of and complement to their existing expertise. These sessions helped demystify the AI-tool, and gave users confidence in applying it to their own activities. The workshop format also enabled CSO representatives and researchers to share their 26 Project reference group input, September 2025 9

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