Acknowledgment Prepared by… The SecDev Foundation Rana Al-Akbani is a trainer, media consultant, editor and researcher. She currently is director of North Africa Media Academy (NAMA), an independent nonprofit organization that supports media development and conducts research. She is a member of the Experts Council of the Fetisov Journalism Awards, one of the largest international contests rewarding outstanding journalists around the globe. Since 2011, this Canada-based NGO has worked globally to promote digital resilience among vulnerable populations— especially women, youth and at-risk civil society organizations. The SecDev Foundation’s Salama@ team supported this research as part of a series of 20+ studies on the psychosocial and legal dimensions of digital violence against women across the MENA region. Responsibility for any views expressed in these studies rests with the authors. Reviewed by… International Development Research Centre Dr. Nadia Al-Sakkaf is a scholar who focuses on political affairs and democratic processes in the Middle East. She is a former Editor-in-Chief for the Yemen Times, and Yemen’s first-ever female Minister of Information. This work was carried out with the aid of a grant from the International Development Research Centre, Ottawa, Canada. Views expressed herein do not necessarily represent those of IDRC or its Board of Governors. IDRC invests in highquality research in developing countries, shares knowledge with researchers and policymakers for greater uptake and use—and mobilizes global alliances to build a more sustainable and inclusive world. Dr. Raed M. Sharif is Senior Regional Programme Manager for the MENA region at The SecDev Foundation. He is a digital rights expert focussing on digital violence against women in the Arab world. Intellectual Property © The SecDev Foundation, 2025 This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. This allows you to distribute and adapt the material but requires you to credit the creator. To see a copy of this license, visit: creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

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