experiences, highlight contextual challenges, and collectively troubleshoot common issues such as ambiguous language, irony etc. JOSA developed and conducted a training of trainers for Tadwein, and based on that, Tadwein conducted two two-day training sessions in Cairo in December 2025, targeting CSOs, researchers, youth-led initiatives and journalists. The trainings aimed to introduce the Nuha AI model, explain its purpose and functionality, and demonstrate how Egyptian CSOs can use the tool to detect hate speech and TFGBV on social media platforms. A total of 40 participants took part in the trainings. The sessions were highly practical and interactive, allowing participants to test the AI model directly and engage in discussions on its potential applications, limitations, and areas for further improvement. The tool can be operated through a standard web browser, without requiring installation of complex software or access to high-performance computing resources. This simplicity means that organisations with basic office equipment and moderate internet connectivity will be able to fully engage with the tool. Importantly, the tool allows users to work at their own pace and adapt the workflow to suit their operational realities, whether they are conducting continuous monitoring or analysing specific events, profiles or campaigns. THE WEBSITE: FOR RESEARCH AND PUBLICATIONS The website is also an opportunity to showcase organisations in Egypt that address TFGBV in different ways, including their publications and research on the topic, in both Arabic and English. The aim is for the website to strengthen links between the Nuha tool and existing feminist research and advocacy efforts in Egypt. Adding large scale data to case studies, or conducting smaller studies (focusing on certain hashtags/ profiles/ time periods/ areas) is now accessible also for smaller organisations. This means that we hope to see diverse research reports building the case towards prevention and protection from gendered online hate speech and TFGBV. Also, for those already interested in the topic, instead of manually sifting through thousands of social media posts, can focus their efforts on interpreting results, identifying trends, and preparing advocacy materials. It could also help reveal patterns that have previously been suspected but not proven with data. For example, analysing trends around elections or other events or incidents. The trained users will continue to support newer users, and to introduce the tool, both through campaigns and more hands-on support. 5. CHALLENGES AND LIMITATIONS The use and misuse of AI currently takes up a lot of band width in public debate. There are significant challenges as well as risks associated with the use if AI, not least in any kind of human rights setting. The fact that this tool will only process publicly available information is important. When using the model, the data harvesting is semi-manual, which limits the risks relating to automated tracking of online behaviour, which can be related to surveillance, profiling, or the targeting of vulnerable groups—particularly in regions where digital rights protection and regulation are weak. Collecting only publicly available data ensures compliance 10

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