Electoral Results: Women's Representation in the Sixth Parliamentary Cycle The November elections resulted in 84 women winning seats in the 329-member Council of Representatives, representing 25.5% of the legislature. Critically, only 25 of these 84 women secured their seats based on their own vote totals, while the remaining 59 entered parliament through the quota allocation mechanism.12 Category Number of Seats Percentage Mechanism Total women MPs 84 25.5% Combined Women elected by direct 25 7.6% Competitive vote Women entering via quota 59 17.9% Quota allocation Constitutional quota 83 25.0% Mandated minimum Table 1: Women's representation in the 2025 Iraqi Parliament Comparison with Previous Elections The 2025 results represent a significant decline in women's representation compared to the previous parliamentary cycle (Table 2). In the October 2021 elections, women secured 96 seats (29% of the chamber), with 53 winning through direct votes and 40 via the quota system.13 The 2025 parliament now has 12 fewer women overall and 28 fewer women who won through competitive voting. Election Year Total Women MPs Direct Vote Winners Quota Recipients 2025 2021 2018 2014 2010 2005 84 96 (97 in some sources) 84 83 83 70 25 53 (57 in some sources) Mixed 22 Data not available Data not available 59 40 Mixed 61 Data not available Data not available Table 2: Historical trends in women's parliamentary representation in Iraq (2005-2025) This decline is striking given that women represented a record 30% of all candidates, suggesting that greater numerical presence did not translate into stronger electoral performance. The difficulty that women faced winning seats through direct competition in 2025 compared to 2021 may reflect a number of factors including changes to the electoral system, shifts in voter preferences, reduced mobilization of women voters, party nomination strategies that marginalise women, and the continued dominance of dominant male-led political blocs. 14 12 Kirkuk Now. (2025, November 21); Women Occupy 13 Fewer Seats in Iraqi parliament. https://perma.cc/YS99-CLU2 13 Kirkuk Now. (2025, October 6). Women Make up 30% of Candidates for Iraqi Parliament. https://perma.cc/4NZH-XTP2 14 The New Arab. (2025, December 11). Iraq's women MPs hold more seats but little sway. https://perma.cc/YQ2A-TQKZ 17

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