1. Introduction and background
1.2 Objectives of the study
1.3 Research questions
The overarching goal is to provide a comprehensive,
evidence-based understanding of GBVO in Syria to inform
strategic interventions. Specific objectives are to:
The study is guided by the following core research
questions:
1.
Analyze the forms, prevalence, and manifestations of
GBVO in Syria (e.g., harassment, doxxing, image-based
abuse, disinformation).
2.
Identify the key actors, targeted groups, and digital
platforms central to the GBVO ecosystem, mapping
both perpetrators and responders.
– Forms and dynamics
What are the predominant forms and typologies of
GBVO in Syria? Which platforms and digital channels are
most commonly used to perpetrate this violence, and
what are the common patterns or escalation dynamics?
– Actors and targeting
Who are the primary perpetrators and enablers of
GBVO? Which groups of women (e.g., journalists, activists, displaced women) are most targeted and vulnerable, and why?
3. Examine the narratives, discourses, and social norms
that perpetuate or challenge GBVO, with a focus on
media language and online engagement.
– Narratives and norms
What dominant narratives and discourses are used to
justify, normalize, or execute GBVO? How do media
representation and online interactions reinforce or challenge harmful gender norms?
4. Assess the psychological, social, and professional
impact of GBVO on women’s participation, freedom of
expression, and well-being.
5. Review the existing legal and policy frameworks
addressing GBVO, evaluating their effectiveness and
implementation gaps.
– Impact and coping
What are the immediate and long-term psychological,
social, and professional consequences of GBVO for survivors? How do women cope with and respond to online
violence, and what barriers do they face in seeking support or justice?
6. Generate actionable, evidence-based recommendations to strengthen institutional safeguards, enhance
media ethics, and promote digital safety and gender
equality.
– Responses and gaps
How do media institutions, civil society organizations,
legal systems, and policymakers currently respond to
GBVO? What are the critical gaps in protection, reporting mechanisms, legal recourse, and coordination?
– Pathways for change
Based on the evidence, what are the most strategic and
feasible recommendations for media actors, civil society, and policymakers to prevent GBVO, support survivors, and create safer, more inclusive online spaces for
women in Syria?
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