TF GBV Knowledge Hub

This study investigates the status of the digital divide among Jordanian Telecentres. This study aims to analyze the impact of the perceived usefulness, the perceived ease of use, and the facilitating conditions on employees' behavioral intention. In addition, the study investigates the effect of the three mentioned factors on user acceptance while the behavioral intention on user acceptance is used as a mediating factor. The proposed research model was validated by distributing 150 survey questionnaires to the Telecentres in Jordan. Structural equation modeling (SEM) technique was used to analyze the results. One of the main limitations of this study is that the results cannot be universal since the study was limited to Jordan. A similar study needs to be conducted in different courtiers to either support or negate our results.

this report highlights the serious and often underestimated impacts of Technology-Facilitated Gender-Based Violence (TFGBV) on women and girls. While TFGBV may be perceived as less harmful than offline violence, it has profound consequences for survivors, both mentally and physically, as well as The effects of TFGBV extend beyond personal harm to economic and professional realms. Women who depend on online spaces for work can face significant setbacks, losing economic opportunities and access to resources. Moreover, TFGBV silences women in online spaces, restricting their ability to participate in public, political, and leadership roles. This suppression reinforces patriarchal norms and structures, hindering progress toward gender equality and obstructing the achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals

Male and female children's opinions about the rights they have or lack in the Jordanian municipalities where they reside are documented and reviewed in this study. It seeks to strengthen children's voices, highlighting their thoughts in order to learn about their beliefs and goals, and listening to their recommendations and suggestions regarding the most significant issues and challenges they encounter. It then relays these suggestions and recommendations to CRC in the children's own words, free from the influence of older individuals.

This report analyzes the civil society sectors in nine countries: Armenia, Belarus, Georgia, Hungary, Moldova, Poland, Russia, Serbia, and Ukraine. This 26th edition highlights the challenges and developments faced by CSOs in 2022, particularly in light of the Russian Federation's invasion of Ukraine, which significantly impacted the region's socio-political landscape.

This paper seeks to highlight the experiences and aspirations of young women and feminist activists in the MENA region around digital spaces, safety, and rights. It explores individual women’s experiences engaging with the digital world, the opportunities and challenges that women’s rights and feminist organizations find in these platforms, and the digital world as a space of resistance, despite restrictions on civic space. Drawing on interviews with feminist activists from the region, the paper sheds light on women’s online experiences and related offline risks and illustrates patterns and behaviors that prevailed during the COVID-19 pandemic.

this paper is the outcome of multimethod research carried out between July 2021 and February 2022 at EU-27, international and national levels. it addressed challenges related to the conceptualization of CVAWG as an actual form of gender-based violence with a tangible cost to victims and society. With a systematic focus on current rent definitions and legislation. it identified how cyber violence is currently tackled at EU, international, and national levels. this report focuses on (1) cyber stalking, (2) cyber harassment, (3) cyber bullying, (4) online gender-based hate speech and (5) non-consensual intimate image abuse.

This chapter argues that technology contributes to increasing cyber violence against women and girls which in turn leads to severe social and economic implications affecting them. It also argues that legislative and policy reforms can limit this type of violence while enabling women and girls to leverage technology for empowerment. It highlights cases of cyber violence in the Arab region and provides an overview of applicable legislative frameworks. The chapter concludes with recommended policy reforms and measures to strengthen and harmonize efforts to combat cyber violence against women and girls in the Arab region.

This research was based on an online survey titled ‘Household responsibilities during the COVID-19 lockdown distributed via Google Forms and filled out by respondents in May 2020.and Research shows that women’s economic empowerment is not only central to realizing gender equality but directly impacts economic growth. Women’s higher labor force participation means higher productivity, increased economic diversification and positive development outcomes. Additionally, the economic empowerment of women increases their access to and control over productive resources and enhances their economic decision making at all levels.

This research was based on an online survey titled ‘Household responsibilities during the COVID-19 lockdown distributed via Google Forms and filled out by respondents in May 2020.and Research shows that women’s economic empowerment is not only central to realizing gender equality but directly impacts economic growth. Women’s higher labor force participation means higher productivity, increased economic diversification and positive development outcomes. Additionally, the economic empowerment of women increases their access to and control over productive resources and enhances their economic decision making at all levels.

The study employs feminist critical discourse analysis to examine the nature, prevalence, and impacts of cyberviolence, using qualitative methods that analyze social media posts and news articles. Key objectives include identifying various forms of cyberviolence, understanding underlying factors, and assessing the role of social media in enabling abusive behaviors. While acknowledging limitations such as the potential underrepresentation of female voices and reliance on public data, the study aims to provide culturally relevant recommendations for prevention and intervention strategies, contributing to the global discourse on addressing cyberviolence against women.

This report shares the findings of a study on technology-facilitated gender-based violence (TFGBV) in seven countries: Indonesia, Jordan, Lebanon, Morocco, Rwanda, South Africa, and Uganda. It looks at the nature of TFGBV and its impacts, revealing how local contexts, culture, and legislation affect how violence is perpetrated and experienced, as well as how people access accountability and justice, or avoid or are prevented from doing so. The study also examines the effectiveness of efforts to prevent and mitigate TFGBV and offers recommendations for how nations, organisations and communities can take action.

this report contains all the latest data, insights, and trends that helps understand how people in Jordanuse digital devices and services in 2023.

this report contains all the latest data, insights, and trends that helps understand how people in Jordanuse digital devices and services in 2024.

this report contains all the latest data, insights, and trends that helps understand how people in Jordanuse digital devices and services in 2025.

in this research paper ‘’Digital Feminist Activism’’, authors explore how digital tools are being used to challenge rape culture and also map the experiences of those involved. They argue that engaging with feminism via digital technologies transforms the participants’ lives, confirming that digital platforms give people an opportunity to ‘’voice previously hidden experiences of sexual violence, making sure they are seen, heard, and validated’’

This study addresses the social and psychological impacts of digital violence on women and girls in Jordan. Digital violence is considered a serious issue with increasingly negative effects, especially with the growing spread of technology. The problem is exacerbated in many countries due to a lack of awareness about digital safety measures, coupled with weak legislation and laws that criminalize this type of violence. Reporting digital violence is also limited due to a societal culture that often tolerates such behavior, particularly when it targets women. At the same time, many women fear reporting incidents of digital violence, as they are frequently blamed and held responsible for the harassment they experience online.

this discussion paper, focuses on Facebook’s Arabic algorithmic content moderation, aiming to understand when AI takes down content, and whether Facebook over-moderates or under-moderates Arabic. It only focuses on Facebook. because it is the most impactful social media platform in the Arab world, with far more complaints and controversy.it is considered the most restrictive in terms of moderating Arabic content it also focuses on political content, is the most controversial, and subjected to a significant number of takedowns and restrictions in the last five years.

This report is among the Government’s efforts to provide evidence based on the wider economic costs of violence against women and girls on women and girls, households, and the economy, as well as the costs of providing services to survivors of such violence in Jordan.

The report examines technology-facilitated gender-based violence (TFGBV) in Jordan, focusing on electronic dating violence among female university students. It highlights the prevalence of psychological, emotional, and physical abuse, driven by societal norms that favor male dominance. Victims often suffer severe emotional and behavioral consequences, including anxiety, depression, and suicidal thoughts. Cultural stigmas prevent victims from seeking help, and coping strategies vary, including seeking support from female professors or using technical solutions to block abusers.

This research summary report discusses the barriers and enablers to women’s career advancement in Jordan's public and private health sectors. The research used a mixed-methods design utilizing quantitative and qualitative data collection techniques. The study included female and male health professionals from various health sectors (the Ministry of Health, university hospitals, and the private sector) and from a range of health professions (including physicians, registered nurses/midwives, and pharmacists). Research tools included structured questionnaires for the quantitative research, which surveyed a total of 2,082 female health professionals and 1,100 male health professionals, and semi-structured in-depth interviews and focus group discussions to obtain qualitative findings from 103 individuals.

This Handbook presents a theoretical and practical approach to conducting social science research on, for, and about women. It develops an understanding of feminist research by introducing a range of feminist epistemologies, methodologies, and emergent methods that have significantly impacted feminist research practice and women's studies scholarship. Contributors to the Second Edition continue to highlight the close link between feminist research and social change and transformation.

The new edition expands the base of scholarship into new areas, with 12 entirely new chapters on topics such as the natural sciences, social work, the health sciences, and environmental studies. It extends the discussion of the intersections of race, class, gender, and globalization, as well as transgender, transsexualism, and the queering of gender identities. All 22 chapters retained from the first edition are updated with the most current scholarship, including a focus on the role that new technologies play in the feminist research process.

The report on cyber gender-based violence in East Amman highlights increased risks for women and girls, emphasizing online harassment and abuse via social media as significant concerns. It identifies barriers to accessing support and calls for improved digital literacy and awareness to address these issues effectively. The report stresses the need for enhanced services and community engagement to combat technology-facilitated violence.

In this report, the Special Rapporteur finds that despite the impressive gains made by women, gender equality in freedom of expression remains a distant goal. Adopting a gender lens, she examines the challenges that women face, offline and online, and analyses the relevant legal standards and the responsibilities of States and companies.

highlights trends in gender-based violence (GBV) incidents reported by survivors to participating organizations in Jordan. It analyzes data to understand patterns of violence, with a focus on intimate partner violence and underscores the impact of funding and capacity challenges on reporting. The report aims to inform strategies for addressing GBV and supporting survivors.

highlights trends in gender-based violence (GBV) incidents reported by survivors to participating organizations in Jordan. It analyzes data to understand patterns of violence, with a focus on intimate partner violence and underscores the impact of funding and capacity challenges on reporting. The report aims to inform strategies for addressing GBV and supporting survivors.

Killings of women and children by family members in Jordanwere up by 94 percent in 2022 as opposed to the year prior, a report by the Jordanian Women's Solidarity Association revealed. The report, entitled "Until When?", showed that 35 women and children were killed by relatives that year, while six women and girls were killed by non-family members. The majority of women and children were killed by close family members, such as brothers and husbands.

This report reviews and maps current legislation pertain to online violence in the Arab States and outlines services provided by governments and CSOs to stop online and ICT-facilitated VAWG. It highlights international frameworks and practices related to responding to online and ICT-facilitated VAWG. The report relies mainly on secondary data to identify laws and services relevant to online and ICT-facilitated VAWG, and to highlight international and Arab States good practices in combating the phenomenon.

this discussion paper is a call for more, and better, data on TF GBV, the limited evidence base is not an excuse for delaying the creation of effective regulatory systems or holding back support for prevention and response initiatives. These are urgently required now. Researchers need to work with networks of feminist technologists, GBV service providers, civil society organizations, and governments to design regulatory spaces that reflect the evidence already available. Researchers also need to support these networks to generate evidence that can continually improve responses to TF GBV is in line with ever-evolving technologies and tactics, and that can increase understanding of whether and how interventions are working to make all spaces safe for all women and girls.

his research conducts a systematic review to analyze and categorize the functionality of apps designed to address violence against women. It finds that a significant portion of these apps focus on one-time emergency or avoidance solutions rather than preventative measures. The study highlights the need for further research, particularly in addressing concerns related to data security, personal safety, and the overall effectiveness of these mobile health interventions.

In this report, DanChurchAid (DCA) outlines and provides recommendations on actions to be taken by tech sector platforms, states, and civil society to combat online harassment and ensure a strong, inclusive democratic debate online. The findings in this report highlight the necessity of addressing the harassment, censorship, and silencing of WHRDs on social media platforms, and suggest improvements in legislation, enforcement, and content moderation.

The report discusses online gender-based violence across eight MENA countries. It highlights widespread cyberstalking, harassment, and doxxing against women, often going unreported due to societal stigma and inadequate legal protections. In Jordan, these issues are exacerbated by patriarchal norms, with few women reporting incidents. The report emphasizes the need for improved legal frameworks and public awareness to combat this violence effectively. This issue reflects similar challenges faced throughout the MENA region.

This document examines the rise of online gender-based violence in low- and middle-income countries and its detrimental effects on young women's participation in digital sectors. While digital transformation offers new employment opportunities, especially for women overcoming time and mobility constraints, it also introduces risks such as online violence.

In a world of rising calls for limits on hate speech, international human rights law provides standards to govern State and company approaches to online expression. In the report, submitted by the Human Rights Council resolution 34/18, the Special Rapporteur on the promotion and protection of the right to freedom of opinion and expression explains how those standards provide a framework for Governments consider regulatory options and companies determine how to respect human rights online. The Special Rapporteur begins with an introduction to the international legal framework, focusing on United Nations treaties and the leading interpretations of provisions related to what is colloquially called “hate speech”. He then highlights key State obligations and addresses how content moderation by companies may ensure respect for the human rights of users and the public. He concludes with recommendations for States and companies.

In a world of rising calls for limits on hate speech, international human rights law provides standards to govern State and company approaches to online expression. In the report, submitted by the Human Rights Council resolution 34/18, the Special Rapporteur on the promotion and protection of the right to freedom of opinion and expression explains how those standards provide a framework for Governments consider regulatory options and companies determine how to respect human rights online. The Special Rapporteur begins with an introduction to the international legal framework, focusing on United Nations treaties and the leading interpretations of provisions related to what is colloquially called “hate speech”. He then highlights key State obligations and addresses how content moderation by companies may ensure respect for the human rights of users and the public. He concludes with recommendations for States and companies.

Online violence has escalated, especially during the COVID-19 crisis, as digital spaces become integral to daily life. While it affects all users, women are disproportionately targeted, with certain groups—such as activists, women human rights defenders, and members of the LGBTIQ+ community—facing heightened risks. In the MENA region, the extent and diversity of online violence against women and girls remain underexplored. EuroMed Rights’ report, Spaces of Violence and Resistance: Women’s Rights in the Online World, examines trends across Algeria, Egypt, Jordan, Lebanon, Morocco, Palestine, Syria, Tunisia, and Turkey, based on desk research and interviews with feminist activists

It addresses the issue of online harms, focusing specifically on technology-facilitated gender-based violence (TFGBV) and violence against LGBTQ+ individuals. It is based on a comprehensive research project by the Centre for International Governance Innovation (CIGI) and the International Development Research Centre (IDRC). Key points include:

1. Prevalence of Online Harms: The research highlights the widespread nature of online harassment, cyberstalking, and non-consensual sharing of intimate images, affecting women and LGBTQ+ individuals.
2. Impact Analysis: The document provides data showing that online harms disproportionately impact women, transgender, and gender-diverse individuals, leading to significant mental health issues and safety concerns.
3. Survey Findings: A large-scale international survey conducted across 18 countries, primarily in the Global South, reveals that a significant number of participants experienced various forms of online harm, with women and LGBTQ+ people reporting more severe impacts.
4. Policy Recommendations: The report offers policy suggestions aimed at governments, tech companies, and civil society organizations to improve digital safety. These include better regulation of social media platforms, educational initiatives, and stronger legal protections.
5. Intersectionality: The document emphasizes the compounded vulnerabilities faced by individuals who belong to multiple marginalized groups, such as women of color, LGBTQ+ individuals, and people with disabilities.

different groups of people have specific vulnerabilities to online harassment,bullying and blackmail,and that the resources and support networks they have to address these forms of interpersonal cybercrime vary considerably. Women and girls,for instance,are most concerned about their online safety,particularly around sharing videos or photos of themselves,and they are often reluctant to report “honour” crimes,including those committed online.

different groups of people have specific vulnerabilities to online harassment,bullying and blackmail,and that the resources and support networks they have to address these forms of interpersonal cybercrime vary considerably. Women and girls,for instance,are most concerned about their online safety,particularly around sharing videos or photos of themselves,and they are often reluctant to report “honour” crimes,including those committed online.

The digital revolution holds the potential to advance women's and girls’ rights – from expanding access to educational and economic opportunities and enabling paths for political participation, to strengthening access to essential services and building transnational feminist communities. Yet, such benefits will be severely constrained for many as long as TF VAW remains unaddressed and underrecognized as a serious violation of women’s rights. Indeed, this paper reveals that women change their online behavior or stop using certain ICTs altogether due to TF VAW, exacerbating the global gender digital divide. TF VAW not only undercuts the potential benefits of the digital revolution, but it constitutes a direct violation of women’s rights and stymies progress toward gender equality and women’s empowerment. Furthermore, given the unique speed, reach, and ubiquity of today’s technologies, this form of violence also contributes to normalizing VAW and misogyny.

The report covers technology-facilitated gender-based violence (TFGBV) across multiple countries in the MENA Region. It highlights the high prevalence of cyberstalking, harassment, and online abuse faced by women. In Jordan, societal norms and limited legal protections contribute to underreporting, leaving victims vulnerable. Key findings include the need for better legal frameworks, increased public awareness, and comprehensive support services to effectively combat TFGBV in Jordanand similar issues in other MENA countries.

The legislative mapping report by the JordanOpen Source Association focuses on technology-facilitated gender-based violence (TFGBV) in Jordan. It analyzes existing laws, including the Cybercrime Law, Penal Code, and Telecommunications Law, highlighting gaps and inconsistencies in addressing TFGBV. The report emphasizes the need for clearer definitions, stronger legal protections, and specialized training for law enforcement. It also recommends periodic legal reviews and the inclusion of gender-specific offenses to enhance the legal framework and better protect victims.

this research is about 1. Online violence against women journalists is one of the most serious contemporary threats to press freedom internationally. It aids and abets impunity for crimes against journalists, including physical assault and murder. It is designed to silence, humiliate, and discredit. It inflicts very real psychological injury, chills public interest journalism, kills women’s careers and deprives society of important voices and perspectives. 2. this research covers 15 countries. It is the most geographically, linguistically, and ethnically diverse scoping of the crisis conducted up until late 2022.

The report highlights that in Jordan, online threats and cyber gender-based violence are significant issues. Women and girls face electronic stalking, blackmail, harassment, and spying. Cultural taboos lead to underreporting, as victims fear shame and retaliation. Only 8% of women would report cybercrimes, despite 75.9% experiencing sexual harassment. Awareness campaigns and stronger legal protections are needed to address these challenges and support victims effectively.

The report discusses the rise of technology-facilitated gender-based violence (TFGBV) in Jordan, particularly exacerbated during the COVID-19 pandemic. Online harassment, stalking, and sexual violence against women and girls have increased, with limited reporting due to societal stigma. UNFPA's initiatives, including podcasts and radio segments, aimed to raise awareness and provide support. The campaign emphasized community involvement and the need for comprehensive services to address and prevent TFGBV.

The International Men and Gender Equality Survey (IMAGES) for the Middle East and Northern Africa (MENA) is a research project aimed at building an understanding of men’s and women’s practices related to gender equality. this report talks about gender equality in the Jordancontext, IMAGES and Jordan’s refugee context, IMAGES and the COVID-19 context in Jordan, and Gender-based violence as well as Domestic violence.

this research project explores the prevalence, impact, and consequences of online violence on women and girls in the Arab States, and the barriers women and girls survivors face to access services and reporting. The research project included three complementary components: a. A quantitative web-based survey in 8 countries in the region with nearly 11,500 respondents, examining the prevalence, perceptions, and implications of online violence. Qualitative research to explore experiences of online violence through the lens of civil society organizations (CSOs), women activists, and service providers; and c. a mapping of existing laws and services related to online violence against women in the region. This document summarizes the key findings of the research project study and presents new knowledge on violence against women in the online space in the Arab States.

This report aims to fill some of these research gaps and contribute to efforts to support refugee youth in realizing their potential in line with the commitments enshrined in the sustainable development goals to leave no one behind. This research focuses on male and female youth aged 15–24 years from Syrian and Palestinian refugee communities in Jordan, as well as vulnerable Jordanians in host communities, the report captures their aspirations and experiences in building independent and sustainable livelihoods. It incorporates a gender lens to identify and analyze the factors that promote or hinder youth participation in the labor market, paying particular attention to gender norms and roles.

تهدف هذه الدراسة من خلال الاستطلاعات والمقابلات والخرائط التجريبية للبيانات الرقمية من تويتر التحقيق في طبيعة وحيثيات حالات العنف الرقمي في لبنان ورد فعل النساء تجاه ما يتعرضن له من المضايقات والتهديدات، وأشكال متنوعة من الهجوم والاستغلال والتنمر والملاحقات والابتزاز باستخدام الصور أو البيانات أو الحسابات المسروقة..الخ وذلك بسبب جنسهن خلال أنشطتهم على الانترنت.

تهدف هذه الدراسة من خلال الاستطلاعات والمقابلات والخرائط التجريبية للبيانات الرقمية من تويتر التحقيق في طبيعة وحيثيات حالات العنف الرقمي في لبنان ورد فعل النساء تجاه ما يتعرضن له من المضايقات والتهديدات، وأشكال متنوعة من الهجوم والاستغلال والتنمر والملاحقات والابتزاز باستخدام الصور أو البيانات أو الحسابات المسروقة..الخ وذلك بسبب جنسهن خلال أنشطتهم على الانترنت.